| Who invented it? | Invention? | When? |
|---|---|---|
| Thomas Allbutt | Thermometer (medical) | 1867 |
| American Electrical Novelty & Manufacturing Co. | Flashlight (torch) | 1890s |
| Nicholas Francois Appert | Heat-bottled food (glass container) | 1804 (factory) |
| Ralph Baer | Video games | 1967 |
| John Logie Baird | Television | 1926 (demonstration of moving object televised) |
| Bank of Stockholm | Banknotes | 1661 |
| Frederick Banting & Charles Best | Insulin | 1921 |
| Christiaan Barnard | Heart transplants | 1967 |
| Paul Beiersdorf | Adhesive plaster-covered bandages | 1882 |
| Alexander Graham Bell | Telephone | 1876 |
| F. H. Bennett | Dog biscuit | 1908 |
| Melitta Bentz | Coffee filter paper | 1908 |
| Karl Benz | Automobile, internal combustion (gasoline-powered) | 1885 (1st patent issued for gas-fuelled car) |
| Charles Best & Frederick Banting | Insulin | 1921 |
| Clarence Birdseye | Frozen food (rapid dry freezing) | 1923 (Birdseye Seafoods est) |
| Ladislao & Georg Biro | Ball point pen | 1938 |
| Anthony Blatner | Fire-engine | 1518 |
| Dr Thomas Blundell | Blood transfusion | 1818 |
| Nils Bohlin (idea) | Seat belts, 3 point (lap and shoulder) | 1959 |
| Gail Borden | Condensed milk | 1849 1856 (patent) |
| Thomas & William Bowler | Bowler hat | 1849 |
| Jacques E. Brandenburger | Cellophane | 1912 |
| Louis and Jacques Breguet | Helicopter (first manned vertical lift-off) | 1907 |
| Dr David Brewster | Kaleidoscope | 1816 1817 (patent) |
| Harold P Brown & Dr E A Kennelly | Electric chair | 1890 |
| Edwin Beard Budding | Lawn mower | 1830 |
| Dr John F. Burke & Ioannis V. Yanna | Artificial skin | 1979 |
| William A Burt | Typewriter | 1829 (first US patent) |
| Dr Thaddeus Cahill | Typewriter (electric) | 1901 |
| Francois-Louis Cailler | Chocolate bar | 1819 |
| Dr Wallace Carothers | Nylon | 1938 |
| Joseph Bienaime Caventou & Pierre Joseph Pelletier | Quinine | 1820 |
| James Chalmers | Postage stamp (adhesive) | 1834 |
| Min-Chueh Chang, Gregory Pincus, John Rock | Birth control pill | 1960 (approved by U.S. Federal Drug Agency) |
| Claude Chappe | Semaphore | 1793 |
| John P Charlton | Postcard | 1861 |
| John Charnley | Artificial hip | 1972 |
| Godtfred Kirk Christiansen | Lego | 1955 (registered trademark) |
| Georges Claude | Neon light | 1910 |
| Christopher Sydney Cockerell | Hovercraft | 1955 |
| Henry Cole (suggestion) & John Calcott Horsley | Christmas card | 1843 |
| W. F. Cooke & Charles Wheatstone | Telegraph | 1837 (patent) 1838 (public demonstration) |
| Denton Cooley | Artificial heart (implant, human) | 1969 |
| Paul Cornu | Helicopter (first free, piloted flight) | 1907 |
| Jacques Cousteau | Aqualung | 1943 |
| Francis Crick, James Watson, Rosalind Franklin | DNA (structure) | 1953 |
| Bartolommeo Cristofori | Piano (Hammerklavier) | 1709 |
| George Crum | Potato chips | 1853 |
| Nicholas Cugnot | Motorcar | 1769 |
| Gottleib Daimler & Wilhelm Maybach | Motorcycle (petrol engine) | 1885 |
| Sir Humphrey Davy | Miner's safety lamp | 1815 |
| Johann Christoph Denner | Clarinet | c1690 |
| Sir James Dewar | Vacuum flask | 1892 |
| Earl Dickson | Band-aid | 1920 |
| Rudolf Diesel | Diesel engine | 1892 (patent for proposed engine) |
| Marion Donovan | Diaper, disposable (nappy) | 1951 |
| Heinrich Dreser & Felix Hoffman | Aspirin | 1899 |
| Richard Drew | Adhesive tape, transparent (Scotch tape) | 1930 |
| Philip Drinker | Iron lung | 1929 |
| John Dunlop | Tyre (pneumatic, with valve, for bicycle) | 1888 |
| Peter Durand | Canned food (tin-plate canisters) | 1810 (patent) |
| George Eastmann | Camera (flexible roll film)Photographic film (using celluloid) | 1888 1889 |
| Thomas Alva Edison see also Joseph Swan |
Electric light bulb (incandescent filament lamp) (jointly credited with development) Phonograph (commercial) |
1879 (public lighting demonstration in New York) 1878 (patent) |
| Paul Ehrlich | Chemotherapy | 1911 |
| Willem Einthoven | Electrocardiograph | 1903 |
| Karl Elsener | Swiss Army knife | 1891 |
| Frank Epperson | Ice-block (ice-lolly, popsicle) | 1923 |
| Henri Fabre | Seaplane | 1910 |
| George Washington Gale Ferris | Ferris wheel | 1893 |
| Adolf Fick | Contact lens (glass) | 1887 |
| Alva Fisher | Electric washing machine | 1908 1910 (patent) |
| Alexander Fleming | Penicillin | 1928 |
| Henry Ford | Mass production assembly line | 1908 |
| Benjamin Franklin | Bifocal lenses | 1784 |
| Rosalind Franklin, Francis Crick, James Watson | DNA (structure) | 1953 |
| French Academy of Sciences | Metric system | 1791 (proposal) 1799 (standards adopted) |
| Arthur Fry | Post-it note | 1974 |
| Jacob Fussell | Ice-cream (dairy mass-produced) | 1851 |
| Dennis Gabor | Hologram (principles of holography) | 1947 (idea) |
| Richard Jordan Gatling | Machine gun | 1862 |
| Dorothy Gerber | Baby food (commercial) | 1927 |
| Henri Giffard | Airship | 1852 |
| King Camp Gillette | Razor (disposable blade) | 1901 |
| Joseph Glidden (Illinois) | Barbed wire | 1874 (patent) |
| Robert Goddard | Rocket, liquid fuelled (first launch) | 1926 |
| Alexandre Godefoy | Electric hair dryer | 1890 |
| Charles Goodyear | Rubber (vulcanised) | 1839 1844 (patent) |
| Betty Nesmith Graham | Liquid paper (typing correction fluid) | 1951 |
| Dr George F. Grant | Golf tee (wooden) | 1899 (patent) |
| Wilson Greatbatch | Pacemaker (artificial, implantable) | 1960 (first implant) |
| Robert Green | Ice-cream soda | 1874 |
| Hanson Crockett Gregory | Doughnut | 1847 |
| George Fellows Harrington | Dental drill | 1864 |
| Sir John Harrington | Water closet | c1590 |
| James Harrison (Australia) see also Alexander Catlin Twining (US) |
Refrigerator (simultaneously) | 1850 |
| John Harrison | Chronometer (marine) | 1735 |
| William Harvey | Blood circulation | 1610 |
| Hermann Ludwig von Helmholtz | Opthalmoscope | 1851 |
| Henkel et Cie (Germany) | Detergent (household) | 1907 |
| Rowland Hill | Postage stamp | 1837 |
| Felix Hoffman & Heinrich Dreser | Aspirin | 1899 |
| John Calcott Horsley, suggested by Henry Cole | Christmas card | 1843 |
| Coenrad van Houten | Cocoa | 1828 |
| Walter Hunt (US) & Charles Rowley (UK) | Safety pin | 1849 |
| Christiaan Huygens | Clock (pendulum) Engine, internal combustion (gunpowder-fuelled) |
1657 1680 |
| John Wesley Hyatt | Celluloid | 1869 |
| H Vernon Ingram | Laser eye surgery | 1964 |
| Mary Phelps Jacob | Brassiere | 1914 (patent) |
| Richard James | Slinky | c1945 |
| Hans Janssen | Microscope (compound) | 1590 |
| Edward Jenner | Smallpox (vaccine) | 1796 (first experiments) |
| Jean-Baptiste Jolly | Dry-cleaning | 1845 |
| Whitcombe L Judson | Zip fastener | 1892 |
| Dr John Kellogg | Cornflakes | 1895 |
| Dr E A Kennelly & Harold P Brown | Electric chair | 1890 |
| Arnold Kent (idea) | Airbag (automobile) developed by U.S. automotive engineers | 1961 |
| William Kent | Perambulator, child's (pram) | 1733 |
| Jack Kilby | Calculator (pocket) | 1967 (patent) |
| Ray Kroc | McDonald's restaurant franchise | 1954 |
| Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec | Stethoscope | 1816 |
| Arthur Leslie Large | Electric kettle | 1922 |
| John Lea & Williams Perrins | Worcester sauce | 1838 |
| Georges Leclenche | Battery (dry cell) | 1866 (patent) |
| Anton van Leeuwenhoek | Bacteria | 1673 |
| Jean-Joseph Etienne Lenoir | Engine, internal combustion (coal gas fuelled) | 1859 1860 (patent) |
| J C R Licklider | Internet | 1962 (concept) |
| James Lind | Scurvy | 1753 |
| Hyman Lipman (Philadelphia) see also Joseph Rechendorfer |
Eraser-tipped pencil (simultaneously) | 1858 |
| Hans Lippershey | Telescope | 1608 |
| Joseph Lister | Antiseptic | 1865 |
| Johan Edvard Lundstrom | Match (safety, phosphorous) | 1855 |
| Ives W McGaffey | Vacuum cleaner | 1869 |
| Archibald Hector McIndoe | Plastic surgery | 1940s |
| Charles Macintosh | Rubber (waterproof) | 1823 (patent) |
| Kirkpatrick Macmillan | Bicycle (pedal) | 1839 |
| Carlton C. Magee | Parking meter | 1932 (patent) |
| George William Manby | Fire extinguisher | 1813 |
| Italo Marcioni | Ice-cream cone | 1896 1903 (cone mold patented) |
| Guglielmo Marconi | Radio (cross-Atlantic transmission) Telegraph (wireless) first Morse code signals over 2.4 km |
1901 1895 |
| Siegfried Marcus (experimental) | Automobile (internal-combustion gasoline-powered) | c1864 |
| Wilhelm Maybach & Gottleib Daimler | Motorcycle (petrol engine) | 1885 |
| Hippolyte Mege-Mouries | Margarine | 1868 |
| Johann Gregor Mendel | Genetics | 1866 |
| Georges de Mestral | Velcro | 1948 1957 (patent) |
| Harry M Meyer Jr & Paul D Parkman | Rubella vaccine | 1965 |
| Morris Michtom | Teddy bear | 1902 |
| John Montagu, Earl of Sandwich | Sandwich | 1762 |
| Joseph-Michel & Jacques-Etienne Montgolfier | Balloon (hot air) | 1783 |
| Gordon Moore and Robert Norton Noyce | Micro-processor | 1971 |
| Etienne J. Morel | Tourniquet | 1674 |
| Giovanni Battista Morgagni | Pathology | 1761 |
| Garrett Augustus Morgan | Gas mask | 1912 |
| Akio Morita | Walkman | 1979 |
| Samuel Morse | Morse code | 1837 (patent) 1844 (first message) |
| William Morton | Anaesthetic | 1846 |
| Colin Murdoch (NZ) | Disposable syringe, Tranquiliser dart gun |
1956 (patent) 1950s |
| Isaac Newton | Reflecting Telescope | 1668 |
| Joseph Niepce | Photograph (first) | 1826 |
| Alfred Nobel | Dynamite | 1866 |
| Robert Norton Noyce & Gordon Moore | Micro-processor | 1971 |
| Elisha Graves Otis | Elevator (safety) | 1852 |
| William Painter | Bottle top (metal) | 1892 (patent) |
| Ambrose Pare | Artificial limbs | 1575 (book: Works) |
| Paul D Parkman & Harry M Meyer Jr | Rubella vaccine | 1965 |
| Gustave E. Pasch | Matches (safety) | 1844 |
| Louis Pasteur | Anthrax (vaccine) Cholera (vaccine) Pasteurisation Rabies (vaccine) |
1881 1880 1864 1885 |
| Charles Pearson (idea) | Subway | 1863 |
| Pierre Joseph Pelletier & Joseph Bienaime Caventou | Quinine | 1820 |
| Dr John Stith Pemberton | Coca-cola | 1886 |
| Henry D. Perky | Shredded wheat | 1893 |
| Williams Perrins & John Lea | Worcester sauce | 1838 |
| Philips Co. | Audio-cassette | 1963 |
| Gregory Pincus, John Rock, Min-Chueh Chang | Birth control pill | 1960 (approved by U.S. Federal Drug Agency) |
| John Polson | Cornflour | 1854 |
| Charles Gabriel Pravaz see also Alexander Wood |
Hypodermic syringe (simultaneously) | 1853 |
| Mary Quant | Mini-skirt | 1965 |
| Grote Reber | Radio telescope | 1937 |
| Joseph Rechendorfer (New York) see also Hyman Lipman |
Eraser-tipped pencil (simultaneously) | 1858 |
| Regency Electronics | Transistor radio | 1954 |
| James J Ritty | Cash register | 1879 |
| John Rock, Gregory Pincus, Min- Chueh Chang | Birth control pill | 1960 (approved by U.S. Federal Drug Agency) |
| Wilhelm Roentgen | X-rays | 1895 |
| Erik Rotheim | Aerosol can | 1926 1927 (patent) |
| Charles Rowley (UK) & Walter Hunt (US) | Safety pin | 1849 |
| Erno Rubik | Rubik's cube | 1977 (patent) |
| Sidney Russell | Electric blanket | 1912 |
| Jonas Salk | Polio (vaccine) | 1955 (field trial results announced) |
| Antoine Joseph Sax | Saxophone | 1844 1846 (patent) |
| Jacob Schick | Razor (electric) | 1928 (patent) |
| Henry W Seely | Electric flat iron | 1882 (patent) |
| Friedrich Wilhelm Adam Serturner | Morphine | 1805 |
| Dr Washington Sheffield | Toothpaste tube | 1892 |
| William B. Shockley | Transistor | 1948 (patent) |
| Isaac Merritt Singer | Sewing machine (domestic, production model) | 1857 |
| James Smith and Sons | Cough drops | 1847 |
| Lucien Smith | Barbed wire | 1867 |
| Sony | Walkman (personal stereo tape- replayer) | 1979 |
| Percy LeBaron Spencer | Microwave oven | 1945 |
| James Starley | Penny Farthing bicycle | 1870 |
| George Stephenson | Railway (first passenger steam) | 1825 |
| Levi Strauss | Blue jeans | 1850 |
| Joseph Swan see also Thomas Alva Edison |
Electric light bulb (incandescent filament lamp) (jointly credited with development) | 1878 (patent) |
| Nikolai Tesla | Telegraph (wireless) | 1893 (public demonstration) |
| Barthélemy Thimmonier | Sewing machine | 1830 (patent) |
| L N Thompson | Rollercoaster | 1884 (patent) |
| Richard Trevithick | Steam locomotive | 1804 |
| Konstantin Tsolkovsky (theory) | Rocket (liquid-fuelled) | 1903 |
| Earl Tupper | Tupperware (company) | 1938 |
| Alexander Catlin Twining (US) see also James Harrison (Australia) |
Refrigerator (simultaneously) | 1850 |
| Johann Waaler | Paper clip | 1899 (patent) |
| Ruth Wakefield | Chocolate chip cookie | 1933 |
| John Walker | Match (friction) | 1827 |
| Frederick Walton | Linoleum | 1860 |
| Ezra J. Warner | Can opener | 1858 (patent) |
| Lewis Edson Waterman | Fountain pen | 1884 |
| James Watson, Rosalind Franklin, Francis Crick | DNA (structure) | 1953 |
| Charles Wheatstone & W.F. Cooke | Telegraph | 1838 |
| Frank Whittle | Jet engine | 1930 (patent) |
| Dietrich Nikolaus Winkel | Metronome (pendulum) | 1810 |
| Alexander Wood see also Charles Gabriel Pravaz |
Hypodermic syringe (simultaneously) | 1853 |
| Orville & Wilbur Wright | Aeroplane (controlled, engine powered flight) | 1903 |
| Ioannis V. Yanna & Dr John F. Burke | Artificial skin | 1979 |
| Eduard Zirm | Corneal transplants | 1906 |
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